Gutwara ibyuma bikoreshwa cyane mugukora ibintu bizunguruka nimpeta zo kuzunguruka.Kuberako ubwikorezi bugomba kugira ubuzima burebure, busobanutse neza, kubyara ubushyuhe buke, umuvuduko mwinshi, ubukana bwinshi, urusaku ruke, kwihanganira kwambara cyane, nibindi, ibyuma bitwara bigomba kugira: ubukana bwinshi, ubukana bumwe, imipaka ya elastike, umunaniro mwinshi wo guhura Imbaraga, gukomera gukenewe, gukomera gukomeye, kurwanya ruswa mu mavuta yo mu kirere.Kugirango huzuzwe ibisabwa byavuzwe haruguru, ibisabwa kugirango uburinganire bwimiterere yimiti yibyuma bitwara, ibirimo nubwoko bwibintu bitarimo ibyuma, ingano nogukwirakwiza karbide, hamwe na decarburisation birakomeye.Gutwara ibyuma muri rusange bitera imbere bigana ubuziranenge, imikorere myiza nubwoko bwinshi.Ibyuma bitwara ibyuma bigabanijemo ibice byinshi bya karuboni ya chromium ifite ibyuma, karubasi itwara ibyuma, ubushyuhe bwo hejuru butwara ibyuma, ibyuma bitagira umwanda hamwe nibikoresho byihariye byo gutwara bikurikije imiterere n'ibidukikije.Kugirango huzuzwe ibisabwa ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, umuvuduko mwinshi, umutwaro mwinshi, kurwanya ruswa no kurwanya imirasire, hagomba gutezwa imbere urukurikirane rwibyuma bishya bifite imiterere yihariye.Mu rwego rwo kugabanya umwuka wa ogisijeni wo gutwara ibyuma, hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga ryo gushonga ibyuma nko gushonga vacuum, gusana amashanyarazi, no kuvanaho amashanyarazi.Gushonga kwinshi mubyuma bitwara ibyuma byatejwe imbere kuva itanura ryamashanyarazi ya arc gushonga kugeza muburyo butandukanye bwitanura ryambere ndetse no gutunganya itanura ryo hanze.Kugeza ubu, gutwara ibyuma bifite ubushobozi bwa toni zirenga 60 + LF / VD cyangwa RH + guhora baterana + bikomeza kuzunguruka bikoreshwa mu gukora ibyuma bitwara ibyuma kugirango bigere ku ntego yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, ikora neza kandi ikoresha ingufu nke.Mu rwego rwo gutunganya ubushyuhe, itanura ryimodoka hamwe nitanura rya hood byakozwe muburyo bwikirere bugenzurwa no gutwika itanura kugirango bivure ubushyuhe.Kugeza ubu, ubwoko bw'itanura buhoraho bwo kuvura bufite uburebure buri hejuru ya 150m, kandi imiterere ya nodular yicyuma itwara ibyuma irahagaze kandi irasa, urwego rwa decarburisation ni nto, kandi gukoresha ingufu ni bike.

Gutwara ibyuma bigomba kugira ibintu bikurikira:

1. Imbaraga nyinshi zo guhura umunaniro.
2. Kurwanya cyane abrasion.
3. Imipaka ntarengwa kandi itanga imbaraga.
4. Ubukomere buri hejuru kandi bumwe.
5, ingaruka zimwe zikomeye.
6. Guhagarara neza.
7, imikorere myiza yo kubuza ruswa.
8. Imikorere myiza.

Gutwara ibyuma bisanzwe:

Guhitamo ibikoresho byuma bisaba kandi kugura byihariye.Kubijyanye no gutwara ibikoresho bikora mubihe bidasanzwe, ukurikije ibisabwa byihariye, bagomba kandi kugira ibintu byihariye bihuye nubuzima bwabo, nka: kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, kurwanya ubushyuhe buke, kurwanya ruswa, Kurwanya imirasire, kurwanya magnetiki na ibindi biranga.

Ibyuma byuzuye bikarishye cyane cyane ibyuma bya karuboni ya chromium ndende, nka GCr15, ifite karubone igera kuri 1% hamwe na chromium igera kuri 1.5%.Kugirango utezimbere ubukana, kwambara birwanya no gukomera, silikoni, manganese, molybdenum, nibindi, nka GCr15SiMn, byongeweho muburyo bukwiye.Ubu bwoko bwo gutwara ibyuma bifite umusaruro mwinshi, bingana na 95% byibyuma byose biva mu byuma.

Carburizing ibyuma ni chromium, nikel, molybdenum alloy ibyuma byubatswe hamwe na karubone ya 0.08 kugeza 0.23%.Ubuso bwigice gifata karubone kugirango yongere ubukana bwayo no kwambara.Iki cyuma gikoreshwa mugukora ibyuma binini bitwara imizigo ikomeye, nk'imashini nini izunguruka, ibyuma bitwara ibinyabiziga, imashini icukura amabuye y'agaciro, hamwe na gari ya moshi.

Ibyuma bitwara ibyuma birimo ibyuma byinshi bya karuboni chromium idafite ibyuma bitwara ibyuma, nka 9Cr18, 9Cr18MoV, hamwe na chromium yo hagati ya chromium idafite ibyuma bitwara ibyuma, nka 4Cr13, nibindi, bikoreshwa mugukora ibyuma bitagira umwanda kandi birwanya ruswa.

Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru butwara ibyuma bikoreshwa mubushyuhe bwo hejuru (300 ~ 500 ℃).Birasabwa ko ibyuma bifite ubukana butukura kandi bikambara birwanya ubushyuhe bwo gukoresha.Benshi muribo bakoresha ibikoresho byihuta byimbaraga zisimbuza ibyuma, nka W18Cr4V, W9Cr4V, W6Mo5Cr4V2, Cr14Mo4 na Cr4Mo4V.